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BIM og CO2-beregning
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) / livcyklusberegning er en beregningsmetode, der kan anvendes til vurdering af den miljømæssige indvirkning for et byggeri. Beregningen inkluderer både byggeriet som produkt, de services, der udføres i forbindelse med byggerprocessen, samt ressourceforbruget forbundet hermed.
LCA er inkluderet i europæiske standarder for bæredygtigt byggeri, ‘Construction Products Regulation’ (CPR), og i certificeringsordningerne for bæredygtigt byggeri. LCA er ligeledes et fokusområde for bæredygtigt byggeri i regeringens politiske strategi fra 2014.
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LCA beregning baseret på mængder fra 3D-bygningsmodeller.
Som noget nyt baserer Exigo LCA beregningen på mængdeudtræk fra 3D-bygningsmodeller ved hjælp af VICO Office. Dermed udføres LCA beregningen effektivt og med stor præcision.
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Figur 1: Illustration af Exigo LCA rapport
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Figur 2: Illustration af VICO Software
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LCA giver et overblik over miljøpåvirkningerne i de forskellige faser af byggeriets livscyklus.
En LCA beregning udført forud for byggeriet udførelse baserer sig på faserne A1-A3 og kan anvendes både til overblikskabelse og optimering af et byggeris miljøpåvirkning, mens en beregning efter udført byggeri vil basere sig på faserne A1-A5 og dermed dække byggeriet både som produkt (miljøpåvirkning fra ressourceforbrug ifm. materialevalg) og proces (miljøpåvirkning fra services ifm. udførelse). Resultatet af klimaberegningen er en detaljeret rapport som redegør for bygningens CO2 udledning i faserne A1 til A5.
Afhængigt af byggeprojektets stadie udføres forskellig detaljering af LCA beregningen.
- A1-A3 benævnes Cradle to Gate
- A1-A4 benævnes Cradle to Site
- A1-A5 benævnes Cradle to Handover
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Figur 3: En bygnings livscyklusfaser, jf. EN 15978:2011
[Danish Transport and Construction Agency, 2016]
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EN15978 / EN15804
Exigos Klimaberegning (LCA) udføres i overenstemmelse med EN15978:2011, der angiver en standard for hvordan LCA for et byggeri overordnet set skal beregnes.
Såfremt der allerede er taget stilling til en specifik byggevares type eller leverandør og der er udarbejdet en miljøvaredeklaration (Enviromental Product Declaration, EPD), indarbejdes de konkrete emissions-værdier i beregningen, jf. EN15804:2012, der angiver hvordan en miljøvaredeklaration for byggevarer udføres.
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